Since its inception in 1965, Medicare, the national health-insurance plan for the elderly, has transformed health care for the nation's retirees and the disabled. Nearly every elderly American is covered by the program, dramatically improving both the health and financial well-being of Americans senior citizens. Unfortunately, several powerful trends spell financial trouble for Medicare in the near future. (Find out more about our "Choicework" discussion guides, or download the PDF version of this choicework guide).


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Perspective 1: Maintain Our Current Commitment to the Elderly

Medicare is a promise that whatever health care retired individuals need will be covered at public expense. That promise must be honored, even if it means raising taxes or reducing spending in other areas. As things stand, elderly persons are paying more than ever for out-of-pocket medical expenses that are not covered by Medicare. Minor adjustments can be made to reduce the program's cost, and aggressive measures should be taken to reduce fraudulent claims. But it is immoral and unthinkable to reduce medical benefits for the nation’s seniors.


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Perspective 2: Make Medicare Affordable by Focusing on Those Who Need it the Most

Unless we revisit what Medicare promised, the program will drive up either our taxes or our national debt so much it will cripple the nation. Before the baby boomers retire, we need to pare down benefits to make them more affordable. Even more importantly, we need to change the system so that affluent retirees pay more of their own health care costs. In this way, we can maintain benefits for those who need them the most.


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Perspective 3: Make Health Care in Retirement a Matter of Personal Choice, not a Shared Responsibility

We would be better off if Medicare were no longer a public program for older Americans. Instead, it should be replaced by a combination of required and voluntary individual medical savings accounts. This approach would make health care in old age more a matter of personal responsibility, rather than a government or social responsibility. This would encourage people to take care of themselves, while relying on market forces to bring costs down.


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